If no plea agreement is reached, the case goes to trial. The prosecution presents evidence, and the defense can challenge it. A judge or jury then determines guilt or innocence.

PTI is a diversion program for first-time, non-violent offenders. It allows defendants to avoid a conviction by completing conditions like counseling, community service, or drug treatment.

A plea bargain is an agreement where a defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a reduced sentence or lesser charges. However, a judge must approve the deal.

A grand jury reviews evidence presented by the prosecutor. If they believe there’s enough evidence, they issue an indictment, which moves the case forward. If not, charges may be downgraded or dismissed.

Yes. If they can’t afford a private lawyer, they may qualify for a public defender after an indigency investigation.

Under recent reforms, bail is only set in limited cases. Most defendants are either released with conditions or detained if they pose a risk. In some cases, a defendant may post money or property to ensure they appear in court.

The defendant appears before a judge, usually within 48 hours of an arrest. The judge reviews charges, advises on legal rights, and sets conditions for release, which may include bail or pretrial detention.

If a person is arrested, it must be based on "probable cause"—meaning there's reasonable belief they committed a crime. Arrests can happen at the scene or through a warrant.

Crimes are classified by degree: First-degree: 10-20 years in prison Second-degree: 5-10 years Third-degree: 3-5 years Fourth-degree: Up to 18 months Less serious offenses, like disorderly persons offenses, are handled in municipal courts.

A case begins when a law enforcement officer or a private citizen files a formal complaint, alleging that a crime has been committed. In more serious cases, a grand jury may issue an indictment after reviewing the evidence.